What Is Domestic Violence?
Domestic violence is abuse or threats of abuse when the person being
abused and the abuser are or have been in an intimate relationship (married or
domestic partners, are dating or used to date, live or lived together, or have
a child together). It is also when the abused person and the abusive person are
closely related by blood or by marriage.
The domestic violence laws say “abuse” is:
Physically
hurting or trying to hurt someone, intentionally or recklessly;
Sexual
assault;
Making
someone reasonably afraid that they or someone else are about to be seriously
hurt (like threats or promises to harm someone); OR
Behavior
like harassing, stalking, threatening, or hitting someone; disturbing someone’s
peace; or destroying someone’s personal property.
Physical abuse is not just hitting. Abuse can be kicking, shoving,
pushing, pulling hair, throwing things, scaring or following you, or keeping
you from freely coming and going. It can even include physical abuse of the
family pets.
Also, keep in mind that the abuse in domestic violence does not have to
be physical. Abuse can be verbal (spoken), emotional, or psychological. You do
not have to be physically hit to be abused. Often, abuse takes many forms, and abusers use a combination
of tactics to control and have power over the person being abused.
If you are being abused in any of these ways or you feel afraid or
controlled by your partner or someone you are close with, Call 911. Once you are safe, immediately call the
Law Office of Robert R. Beauchamp, Orange County Divorce Lawyers experienced in
domestic violence.
Domestic Violence Restraining Orders
A domestic violence restraining order is a court order that helps
protect people from abuse or threats of abuse from someone they have a close
relationship with.
You can ask for a domestic violence restraining order if:
1.
A person has abused (or threatened to abuse) you; AND
2.
You have a close relationship with that person, meaning that you are:
Married
or registered domestic partners,
Divorced
or separated,
Dating
or used to date,
Living
together or used to live together(more than roommates),
Parents
together of a child, OR
Closely
related (parent, child, brother, sister, grandmother, grandfather, in-law).
If you are a parent and your child is being abused, you can also file a
restraining order on behalf of your child to protect your child (and you and
other family members). If your child is 12 or older, he or she can file the
restraining order on his or her own.
If you do not qualify for a domestic violence restraining order, there
are other kinds of orders you can ask for:
Civil
harassment restraining order (can be used for neighbors, roommates, coworkers,
or more distant family members like cousins, uncle or aunt, etc.).
Elder
or dependent adult abuse restraining order (if the person being abused is 65 or
older; or between 18 and 64 and a dependent adult).
Workplace
violence restraining order (filed by an employer to protect an employee from
violence, stalking, or harassment by another person).
If you are not sure what kind of restraining order you should get, talk
to an Orange County Divorce
Attorney at the Law Office of Robert R. Beauchamp 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
What a restraining order CAN do
A restraining order is a court order. It can order the restrained person
to:
Not
contact or go near you, your children, other relatives, or others who live with
you;
Stay
away from your home, work, or your children’s schools;
Move
out of your house (even if you live together);
Not
have a gun;
Follow
child custody and visitation orders;
Pay
child support;
Pay
spousal or partner support (if you are married or domestic partners);
Stay
away from any of your pets;
Pay
certain bills; and
Release
or return certain property.
Once the court issues (makes) a restraining order, the order is entered
into a statewide computer system (called CLETS) that all law enforcement
officers have access to. And your restraining order works anywhere in the
United States. If you move out of California, contact your new local police so
they will know about your orders.
If you move to California with a restraining order from another state,
or if you have a restraining order issued by a tribal court (in California or
elsewhere in the U.S.), your restraining order will be valid anywhere
in California and the police will enforce it. If you want your restraining
order to be entered into California’s statewide domestic violence computer system,
you can register your order with the court. But keep in mind that you are not required to register your
out-of-state or tribal court restraining order. A valid order is enforceable
even if you do not register it.
What a restraining order CANNOT do
A restraining order cannot:
End
your marriage or domestic partnership. It is NOT a divorce.
Establish
parentage (paternity) of your children with the restrained person (if you are
not married to, or in a domestic partnership with, him or her) UNLESS you and
the restrained person agree to parentage of your child or children and agree to
the court entering a judgment about parentage. Read and use Agreement and
Judgment of Parentage (Form
DV-180) to do this.
Effect of a restraining order on the restrained
person
For the person to be restrained, the consequences of having a court
order against him or her can be very severe.
He
or she will not be able to go to certain places or to do certain things.
He
or she might have to move out of his or her home.
It
may affect his or her ability to see his or her children.
He
or she will generally not be able to own a gun. (He or she will have to turn in
or sell any firearms he or she has, and will not be able to buy a gun while the
restraining order is in effect.)
The
restraining order may affect his or her immigration status. If you are worried
about this, talk to an immigration lawyer to find out if you will be affected.
If the person to be restrained violates the restraining order, he or she
may go to jail, or pay a fine, or both.
Types of Domestic Violence Restraining Orders
Emergency Protective Order (EPO)
An EPO is a type of restraining order that
only law enforcement can ask for by calling a judge. Judges are available to
issue EPOs 24 hours a day. So, a police officer that answers a domestic
violence call can ask a judge for an emergency protective order at any time of
the day or night.
The emergency protective order starts right away and can last up to 7
days. The judge can order the abusive person to leave the home and stay away
from the victim and any children for up to a week. That gives the victim of the
abuse enough time to go to court to file for a temporary restraining order.
To get an order that lasts longer than an EPO, you must ask the court
for a temporary restraining order (also called a “TRO”).
Temporary Restraining Order (TRO)
When you go to court to ask for a domestic
violence restraining order, you fill out paperwork where you tell the judge
everything that has happened and why you need a restraining order. If the judge
believes you need protection, he or she will give you a temporary restraining
order.
Temporary restraining orders usually last between 20 and 25 days, until
the court hearing date.
“Permanent” Restraining Order
When you go to court for the hearing that was
scheduled for your TRO, the judge may issue a “permanent” restraining order.
They are not really “permanent” because they usually last up to 3 years.
At the end of those 3 years (or whenever your order runs out), you can
ask for a new restraining order so you remain protected.
Criminal Protective Order or “Stay-Away” Order
Sometimes, when there is
a domestic violence incident (or series of incidents), the district attorney
will file criminal charges against the abuser. This starts a criminal court
case going. It is common for the criminal court to issue a criminal protective
order against the defendant (the person who is committing the violence and abuse)
while the criminal case is going on, and, if the defendant is found guilty or
pleads guilty, for 3 years after the case is over.
The Restraining Order Process
When someone asks for a domestic violence restraining order in court,
they have to file court forms telling the judge what orders they want and why.
What happens after that varies a little from court to court, but the general
steps in the court case are:
1.
The person wanting protection files court forms asking for the domestic
violence restraining order. There is NO fee to file.
2.
The judge will decide whether or not to make the order by the next
business day. Sometimes the judge decides sooner.
3.
If the judge grants (gives) the orders requested, he or she will first
make “temporary” orders that only last until your court date. The court date
will be on the paperwork. These temporary orders can include issues like:
Ordering
the restrained person to stay away and have no contact with the protected
person (and other protected people and family pets);
Child
custody;
Who
can use the family home; or
Who
can use other property, like a car.
4.
The person asking for protection will have to “serve” the other person
with a copy of all the restraining order papers before the court date. This
means that someone 18 or older (NOT involved in the case) must hand-deliver a
copy of all the papers to the restrained person.
5.
The restrained person has the right to file an answer to the restraining
order request, explaining his or her side of the story.
6.
Both sides go to the court hearing.
If
the protected person does not go to the hearing, the temporary restraining
order will usually end that day and there will not be a restraining order.
If
the restrained person does not go to the hearing, he or she will have no input
in the case and his or her side of the story will not be taken into account.
7.
At the hearing, the judge will decide to continue or cancel the
temporary restraining order. If the judge decides to extend the temporary
order, the “permanent” order may last for up to 5 years.
8.
If the judge also makes other orders in the restraining order, like
child custody or child support orders, these orders will have different end
dates and usually will last until the child turns 18 or a judge changes them.
Getting Help
You do not need a lawyer to ask for (or respond to) a restraining order.
BUT it is a good idea to have a lawyer, especially if you have children.
The court process can be confusing and intimidating. Both people will
have to see each other in court, and both will have to tell the judge details
of what happened in a public courtroom. Having a lawyer or (for the protected
person) support from domestic violence experts can help make the process easier
to handle.
By: Robert R. Beauchamp
Robert BeauchampLaw Office of Robert R Beauchamp
bob@ocdlaw.com
23120 Alicia Pkwy
Second Floor
Mission Viejo, CA 92692
Tel: 949-370-8000
Fax: 855-370-8100
orangecountydivorceattorney.lawyer
Avvo Guide - Domestic Violence
Link to Orange County Superior Court Guide and Domestic Violence Forms